4-AcO-DMT

4-AcO-DMT is not separately listed in the schedules to the current Poisons Standard, the Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—June 2026) Instrument 2026, which commenced on 1 June 2026 and is also cited as the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons No. 48. Schedule 9, headed Prohibited substances, lists psilocin as 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-4-hydroxyindole, and section 7(c) of the Standard provides that a reference to a substance includes every salt, active principle or derivative of the substance, including esters and ethers. 4-AcO-DMT is the acetate ester of psilocin, so Schedule 9 reaches it through that derivative and ester rule rather than through an analogue provision, and the Standard's guidance treats a substance as a derivative of a scheduled poison only where it is not individually listed elsewhere in the schedules or captured by a more restrictive group entry. The Standard describes Schedule 9 as substances which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, supply or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or state or territory health authorities. Those scheduling decisions are recommendations to Australian states and territories, and the scheduling of poisons is implemented through state and territory legislation. In Queensland, for example, a substance to which Schedule 9 of the Poisons Standard applies is a prohibited substance, and dealing with such a substance — manufacturing, buying, possessing, supplying, otherwise using, or disposing of waste from it — otherwise than in an authorised way or with a reasonable excuse carries a maximum penalty of 750 penalty units.

4-AcO-DMT is covered by Belgium's current Annex IVA item 5 generic tryptamine structure: its terminal amine is N,N-dimethyl, its indole ring bears OAc at position 4, and its indole nitrogen is unsubstituted. The Royal Decree's authorization regime makes import, possession and other listed activities prohibited absent prior authorization limited to scientific or medical purposes. AFMPS warns that its consolidated annex is non-official; the Belgian Official Journal and Justel texts control.

4-AcO-DMT is expressly and nominally scheduled, not merely captured by a generic analogue or structural-class provision. The entry gives its chemical identity as 4-acetoxi-N,N-dimetiltriptamina; F2 Adendo 1.1 extends control to possible salts and isomers. Adendo 16's up-to-500-mg analytical-standard import/export authorization exemption is a narrow administrative exception and does not make ordinary possession, supply, production or use lawful.

4-AcO-DMT is expressly named as o-Acetylpsilocin (Psilacetin) in the current Czech Annex 4 schedule. The Act treats listed psychoactive substances as addictive substances, defines handling broadly, requires a handling authorization, and limits Annex 4 substances to restricted research, scientific, and very limited therapeutic purposes specified in that authorization. The substance is directly listed, rather than controlled through a generic structural analogue rule.

4-AcO-DMT is not separately named in the Israeli schedule text. PubChem identifies it as 4-acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (O-acetylpsilocin), while First Schedule item 6 expressly includes the isomers and structural derivatives of N,N-dimethyltryptamine. On that structural rule, it is covered as a dangerous drug and unauthorized production, possession, use, import/export, dealing and supply are prohibited under sections 6, 7 and 13, subject to the Ordinance's authorization and licence pathways. This is structural-derivative coverage rather than an exact-name listing.

4-AcO-DMT is listed by name in Tabella I of the Testo unico, D.P.R. 9 ottobre 1990 n. 309, under three names: the common name 4-AcO-DMT, the chemical name 3-[2-(dimetilamino)etil]-1H-indol-4-il acetato, and the further name O-Acetilpsilocina. The Ministry of Health decree of 6 August 2021 inserted those three names into Tabella I in alphabetical order; it was published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana, Serie Generale n. 200, on 21 August 2021, and took effect on the fifteenth day after publication. The Ministry of Health's consolidated Tabella I, as amended to 28 April 2026, still carries the same three names for the substance and keys the entry to the decree of 6 August 2021. Under Article 73(1) of D.P.R. 309/1990, cultivating, producing, manufacturing, extracting, refining, selling, offering for sale, transferring, distributing, trading, transporting, procuring, sending, passing in transit or delivering a Tabella I substance without the authorization required by Article 17 is punishable by six to twenty years' imprisonment and a fine of EUR 26,000 to EUR 260,000. Article 73(1-bis)(a) applies the same penalties to unauthorized import, export, purchase, receipt or possession where the quantity, the manner of presentation or other circumstances of the act show that the substance is intended for use that is not exclusively personal. Article 73(5) sets a reduced range of six months to five years' imprisonment and a fine of EUR 1,032 to EUR 10,329 for acts of minor gravity. Possession for personal use is treated as an administrative matter rather than a crime: Article 75(1) subjects a person who unlawfully imports, exports, purchases, receives or possesses a Tabella I substance for personal use to one or more administrative sanctions for a period of two months to one year, among them suspension of the driving licence, of the firearms licence and of the passport.

4-AcO-DMT is a designated substance in Japan. Article 1, paragraph 1, item 13 of Ministerial Ordinance No. 14 of 2007, the ordinance that designates the designated substances under article 2(15) of the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices (Act No. 145 of 1960), lists 四―アセトキシ―Ｎ・Ｎ―ジメチルトリプタミン及びその塩類, that is 4-acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and its salts. Ministerial Ordinance No. 127 of 2015 added the substance to that list. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare promulgated Ordinance No. 127 on 29 July 2015 and records that day as the date of designation, while the ordinance's own supplementary provision fixes entry into force at ten days reckoned from promulgation, so the prohibition applies from 8 August 2015; the ministry's list of designated substances as of 6 September 2026 gives 8 August 2015 as the date of enforcement for entry 13. Designated substance is a statutory category of its own: article 2(15) reaches a substance with a high probability of stimulant, depressant or hallucinogenic action on the central nervous system that risks harm to health when used on the human body, designated by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare after hearing the opinion of the pharmaceutical affairs council, and it expressly excludes stimulants, narcotics, psychotropics, opium and poppy straw. 4-AcO-DMT holds that category and not narcotic status. It stands as item 13 of the ordinance in the consolidation in force from 28 August 2026, and the Cabinet Order Designating Narcotics, Narcotic Raw Material Plants, Psychotropics and Narcotics and Psychotropics Raw Materials, in force from 6 September 2026, does not name it; that order lists psilocybin and psilocin as narcotics, each together with its salts, and reaches no ester of either. Article 76-4 of the Act forbids manufacturing, importing, selling, giving, possessing, purchasing or receiving a designated substance for a purpose outside the medical and other uses fixed by ministerial ordinance, and forbids using one outside those purposes. Article 2 of the ordinance sets out those permitted uses: academic research or testing by state organs, local governments and their organs, universities, colleges of technology, inter-university research institutes, incorporated administrative agencies and local incorporated administrative agencies, and the Japan Institute for Health Security; the testing and inspection prescribed by articles 69(4), 69(6), 76-6(1) and 76-8(1) of the Act; criminal forensic identification; substance-specific uses set out in a table that reaches cannabinoid and certain other named substances but not 4-AcO-DMT; and, beyond every use so listed, any use that the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare recognises as involving no risk of harm to the human body. Article 84, paragraph 1, item 28 of the Act punishes a breach of article 76-4 with imprisonment for up to 3 years or a fine of up to 3,000,000 yen, or both. Article 83-9 raises that to imprisonment for up to 5 years or a fine of up to 5,000,000 yen, or both, where the manufacture, import, sale or giving is carried on as a business, or where possession takes the form of storing or displaying the substance for sale or gift.

4-AcO-DMT is narkotika in Sweden. Läkemedelsverkets föreskrifter (HSLF-FS 2017:1), issued under 3 § förordningen (1992:1554) om kontroll av narkotika to amend Läkemedelsverkets föreskrifter (LVFS 2011:10) om förteckningar över narkotika, place 4-acetoxi-N,N-dimetyltryptamin (4-AcO-DMT) in Swedish förteckning I with no international listing, in force 25 January 2017.³⁷ Förteckning I covers substances, plant material and fungi that normally have no medical use, and the consolidated förteckningar, carried through HSLF-FS 2026:26, keep 4-AcO-DMT there. Bilaga 1 to förordningen (1992:1554) lists 4-acetoxi-N,N-dimetyltryptamin (4-AcO-DMT), and 2 § of that förordning provides that the substances in bilaga 1 are narkotika under narkotikastrafflagen (1968:64). Unlawful transfer, production, acquisition, handling, possession and use of narkotika are narkotikabrott under 1 § narkotikastrafflagen, punishable by imprisonment for up to three years, and by six months to three years where the offender sells narkotika or handles narkotika intended for sale. A ringa narkotikabrott carries a fine or imprisonment for up to six months, a grovt narkotikabrott two to seven years, and a synnerligen grovt narkotikabrott six to ten years.

4-AcO-DMT is not named in any Anhang of the Betäubungsmittelverzeichnisverordnung, the ordinance of the Federal Department of Home Affairs of 30 May 2011 that carries Switzerland's schedules of controlled substances in the consolidation in force since 13 March 2026, and the Verzeichnis-e group entry for tryptamines does not reach it because that entry admits substitution of the indole ring only with alkyl, alkoxy, halogen or hydroxy groups.⁵⁵ Art. 1 Abs. 2 lit. b of the ordinance provides that the salts, esters, ethers, carbamates and stereoisomers of the substances listed in the Anhänge 1 to 6 are narcotics or psychotropic substances within the meaning of Art. 2a and Art. 7 of the Narcotics Act, so an unlisted ester of a scheduled substance falls under the ordinance's own definition of a controlled substance.⁵⁵ Psilocin appears in Verzeichnis d at Anhang 5 under GTIN 7611746151005,⁵⁵ and 4-AcO-DMT is the acetate ester of psilocin, the 4-acetate of 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-ol, which places it inside that definition.⁵⁸⁵⁹ The Betäubungsmittelkontrollverordnung identifies Verzeichnis d as the schedule of prohibited controlled substances,⁵⁶ matching the Narcotics Act's own bar on cultivating, importing, manufacturing or placing on the market hallucinogens such as lysergide, conduct the Federal Office of Public Health may allow by exceptional authorisation for scientific research, medicines development or limited medical application.⁵⁷ Because the provisions on narcotics apply to psychotropic substances as well, unauthorised cultivation, manufacture, storage, transport, import, export, sale, supply, possession or acquisition carries imprisonment of up to three years or a monetary penalty, and imprisonment of at least one year in aggravated cases, in each case where the act is not committed for the offender's own consumption.⁵⁷ Unauthorised consumption, and any of those acts committed for the offender's own consumption, is punished with a fine rather than imprisonment, and in minor cases the proceedings may be discontinued or the penalty waived.⁵⁷ Preparing only a small quantity of a narcotic for one's own consumption, or handing such a quantity to a person over 18 free of charge to allow simultaneous joint consumption, is not punishable at all, and the Act fixes a figure for that small quantity only for narcotics of the cannabis type.⁵⁷

The exact substance is expressly named in the 2013/5742 annex, rather than controlled through psilocin, DMT, or a generic analogue rule. The Gazette annex is unnumbered; the '66.' label belongs to the official 2014 Türkiye Uyuşturucu Raporu's numbered reproduction of the list, not to the Gazette annex itself. The current Law 2313 text establishes the Article 19 declaration mechanism, and the 2024 Interior Ministry/EGM report identifies a continuing generic NPS classification.

The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Class A definition covers esters of psilocin; 4-AcO-DMT is controlled through that generic ester provision.

4-AcO-DMT is not listed in any of the five federal schedules. The statutory schedules in 21 U.S.C. 812(c) place psilocybin at Schedule I(c)(15) and psilocin, spelled Psilocyn, at Schedule I(c)(16), and name no acetylated tryptamine; the schedules the Drug Enforcement Administration republishes under that section at 21 CFR 1308.11 through 1308.15 name the substance under none of its names, whether 4-acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, O-acetylpsilocin or psilacetin. Psilocin sits in Schedule I at 21 CFR 1308.11(d)(30) as Psilocyn with Drug Enforcement Administration code 7438, and psilocybin at (d)(29) with code 7437. Paragraph (d) of that section extends each listed hallucinogen only to its salts, isomers and salts of isomers, and for that paragraph defines isomer as the optical, position and geometric isomers, so it does not reach an ester; paragraph (b), covering opiates, does extend to esters and ethers, and the sole 4-acetoxy compound anywhere in 21 CFR part 1308 is the opiate PEPAP at 1308.11(b)(101). 4-AcO-DMT is the acetate ester of psilocin: psilocin is 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-ol and 4-AcO-DMT is the corresponding [3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl] acetate. Federal exposure runs instead through the controlled substance analogue provisions. Section 813 of title 21, added by Public Law 99-570 on 27 October 1986, provides at subsection (a) that a controlled substance analogue is treated, to the extent intended for human consumption, as a Schedule I controlled substance for the purposes of any Federal law, so possession or sale for human consumption of a substance meeting that description carries Schedule I consequences. Whether 4-AcO-DMT meets it turns on the definition in 21 U.S.C. 802(32)(A), which asks whether the substance's chemical structure is substantially similar to that of a Schedule I or II controlled substance and whether its stimulant, depressant or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system is substantially similar to or greater than that of a Schedule I or II controlled substance, or whether a particular person represents or intends such an effect. Neither section 813 nor the federal schedules name 4-AcO-DMT or settle that question for it. Labeling a substance "not for human consumption" does not by itself take it outside those provisions. 21 U.S.C. 802(32)(C)(iv) withholds the analogue definition only to the extent a substance is not intended for human consumption, 21 U.S.C. 813(b)(1) makes the marketing, advertising and labeling of a substance one factor among others in determining that intent, and 21 U.S.C. 813(c) provides that evidence that a substance was not marketed, advertised or labeled for human consumption is, by itself, insufficient to establish that it was not intended for human consumption. Several states place 4-AcO-DMT in Schedule I by name. The Alabama Controlled Substances List that forms the Appendix to Ala. Admin. Code r. 420-7-2, adopted by the Alabama State Board of Health on 16 January 2025, carries 4-Acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, with 4-AcO-DMT among its trade or other names, at item (277) of Schedule I paragraph (f), and records state control from 18 March 2014. Florida names 4-AcO-DMT at Fla. Stat. 893.03(1)(c)194.u. within the Schedule I substituted tryptamine class, a class that separately excludes tryptamine, psilocyn and psilocybin. Virginia lists Acetoxydimethyltryptamine, with AcO-DMT and Psilacetin as other names, among the Schedule I hallucinogenic substances in subdivision 3 of Va. Code 54.1-3446.

The current NpSG Annex uses a group definition for tryptamine-derived compounds whose structural scope covers 4-AcO-DMT.